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Trial courts must ensure alleged confessions are proven voluntary and record challenges; where other evidence is overwhelming, conviction may stand.
Criminal procedure — Admissibility of incriminating statements — Duty of trial court to ensure voluntariness before admission — Special care where accused unrepresented — Record must show challenges, proceedings and ruling — Failure is serious irregularity but appellate court may uphold conviction if remaining evidence inevitably supports it — Sentence review.
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