Supreme Court of Zambia - 2025

31 judgments
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Results. 31 judgments found.

31 judgments
December 2025
Arbitrator exceeded jurisdiction and departed from agreed procedure; award (including benefit to a non‑party) set aside for breach of arbitration agreement and public policy.
  • Arbitration — party autonomy; scope of submission to arbitration; jurisdiction of arbitrator; strict rules of evidence vs ex aequo et bono; awards to non‑parties; public policy; setting aside under s.17 Arbitration Act; Article 28 and Article 33 Model Law.
31 December 2025
State occupation during emergency does not defeat an applicant's certificate of title; compulsory acquisition requires law and compensation.
  • Land law — State occupation of privately titled land — occupation during (semi-)state of emergency does not create legal/equitable title — bona fide purchaser for value without notice — conclusiveness of certificate of title — cancellation only for fraud/mistake/impropriety — compulsory acquisition and compensation required.
12 December 2025
October 2025
Whether discrimination and equal-pay claims under Employment Code s.5 are arbitrable and whether tribunals may compare non-parties' contracts.
  • Arbitration — Arbitrability of employment discrimination claims under Employment Code s.5 — Overlap of civil remedies and statutory offences — Public policy and jurisdiction of arbitral tribunals — Use of non-parties' employment contracts in arbitration.
28 October 2025
Court refused to admit fresh Cadastre evidence, finding it previously available and irrelevant to the procedural appeal issue.
  • Civil procedure — Admission of fresh evidence on appeal — section 25(1)(b)(i) Supreme Court of Zambia Act; Ladd v Marshall test; Order 59 r.10(18) (White Book) for post-trial evidence; relevance and availability of Cadastre documents; procedural challenge to issuance of mining licence (writ of trespass v appeal under s.97(1) Mines and Minerals Development Act; evidence of licence termination/expiry.
27 October 2025
Leave to appeal granted where appeal raises a novel, public-importance question on eminent domain and allocation to private parties.
  • Appellate procedure — Leave to appeal under s.13 Court of Appeal Act — Character of appeal vs. grounds — Public importance — Novel question whether exercise of eminent domain for public purpose may be repurposed and allocated to private entities — Prima facie prospects of success — Costs awarded.
2 October 2025
September 2025
Whether applicants in a resettlement scheme acquired proprietary land rights or only licence interests, and whether that raises public‑importance legal issues.
  • Procedure — Record of motion — compliance with Rule 48; Civil appeals — Leave to appeal under s.13(3) Court of Appeal Act — point of law of public importance; Land law — nature of rights in resettlement schemes (proprietary v licence) — fact‑specific disputes; Prospects of success and compelling reasons for leave.
19 September 2025
Whether employed legal practitioners may concurrently engage in private practice under Rules 24 and 27.
  • Legal Practitioners' Practice Rules — Part V (Employed Legal Practitioners) — Rule 24(2) prohibits employed legal practitioners from providing legal services other than for their employer; Rule 27 restricts practice to representing the employer and prescribes prerequisites; contract tainted with illegality — unenforceability; appellate jurisdiction — remittal of unresolved counterclaim for hearing; regulatory duty of Law Association of Zambia (LAZ).
19 September 2025
Irregular transfer to the Economic and Financial Crimes Division deprived that court of jurisdiction; matter remitted to General Division.
  • Constitutional/human-rights petitions — Irregular transfer of cause — Section 23 High Court Act — Effect on jurisdiction — Remedy: remit to General Division — Appellate court may raise jurisdictional defects suo motu.
19 September 2025
August 2025
Circumstantial evidence excluding reasonable alternative hypotheses warranted the appellant's murder conviction; appeal dismissed.
  • Criminal law — Murder — Circumstantial evidence — Last seen theory — Inference of guilt must exclude reasonable alternative hypotheses — Appeal challenging factual findings and credibility assessments dismissed.
20 August 2025
Taxpayer bears burden to disprove assessment; aggregation and documentation requests permissible; comparables must be economically comparable.
  • Tax — Transfer pricing: burden of proof on taxpayer; aggregation of related‑party transactions permissible where closely linked; Commissioner’s power to request transfer‑pricing documentation under s.47(1)/s.58(a); functional analysis supports low‑risk distributor classification; comparables must be economically comparable; limits on Tribunal ordering reassessments; treatment of unrealised forex losses.
20 August 2025
An administrator's challenge to a 2004 inter vivos land transfer was statute-barred; annulment of a later marriage did not revive limitation.
  • Limitation of actions — accrual of cause of action — land transfer inter vivos — registered Certificate of Title — administrators' rights — effect of annulment of marriage on prior transfers — necessity to plead mistake.
19 August 2025
Whether applicants met statutory thresholds for leave to appeal and whether judicial decisions operate retrospectively.
  • Appeals — leave to appeal — section 13 Court of Appeal Act — prospects of success, public importance, compelling reasons; Judicial decisions — retrospective effect; Stare decisis — Court of Appeal bound by Supreme Court; Registrar/IRD powers; Industrial relations procedure.
14 August 2025
Extension of time refused: 50-day delay and inadequate corporate explanation made extension unjustifiable.
  • Civil procedure — extension of time to file renewed application for leave to appeal — discretion requires sufficient explanation and credible material — inordinate delay (50 days) fatal — corporate applicant cannot rely on single director's absence abroad.
13 August 2025
An irregular transfer to the EFCC deprived that court of jurisdiction; the judgment was quashed and remitted to the General Division.
  • Constitutional jurisdiction — High Court divisions are administrative; EFCC may hear matters of the High Court — Transfer of causes between judges requires compliance with s.23 High Court Act (written order and transferee consent) — Irregular transfer deprives receiving division of jurisdiction — Quashing of judgment and remittal to original division.
13 August 2025
July 2025
Appellate court erred by treating a public land‑allocation interview scheduling decision as "improper" and by directing how the Commissioner must conduct allocations.
  • Land allocation — Advertisement and interviews for public land — Corporate applicants act through authorised agents — Request to reschedule interviews — Administrative discretion of Commissioner of Lands — Limits on appellate courts prescribing executive procedure — No basis to declare allocation null and void — Costs orders.
25 July 2025
Recusal requires factual proof of extra‑judicial personal bias; dissatisfaction with rulings is insufficient.
  • Judicial recusal — Judicial (Code of Conduct) Act ss 4 and 6 — burden and standard of proof — reasonable apprehension of bias — extra‑judicial/personal interest required — recusal not a vehicle to reopen final Supreme Court decisions — costs for frivolous motions.
24 July 2025
May 2025
A single judge lacks jurisdiction to withdraw and re-file a motion once it is pending before the full Court.
  • Civil procedure — Jurisdiction of single judge — Withdrawal, amendment and re-filing of record of motion pending before full Court — Preliminary objection — Section 4 Supreme Court Act — Rules 11 and 68(1) SCR.
21 May 2025
Whether proposed grounds disclose public-law importance and good prospects to justify leave and a stay of execution.
  • Civil procedure — leave to appeal — Court of Appeal Act s.13 threshold — stay of execution — prospects of success and irreparable harm — competence of renewed application — prohibition against predetermining pending appeals.
19 May 2025
April 2025
Leave granted to appeal to clarify section 55 Employment Code and whether redundancy damages are based on gross/basic or net pay.
  • Employment law — redundancy — interpretation of section 55 Employment Code — measure of damages for unlawful termination — severance pay: basic (gross) v net salary — leave to appeal for issues of public importance.
29 April 2025
Irregular transfer of a constitutional petition to another division without lawful order renders proceedings a nullity.
  • Constitutional jurisdiction — Part III (Article 28) petitions — transfer of causes between judges — Section 23 High Court Act — requirement of formal transfer order — irregular transfer renders proceedings a nullity — preservation of petition character when reallocated — Economic and Financial Crimes Division jurisdiction.
17 April 2025
Whether a civil appellate finding or a previous nolle prosequi bars subsequent criminal prosecution arising from the same facts.
  • Judicial review appeals — procedural requirements for appeals — applicability of English RSC provisions versus domestic Supreme Court Rules; nolle prosequi and section 81(1) CPC — effect on subsequent prosecutions; res judicata/issue estoppel — limits of civil judgments to bar criminal proceedings; distinction between civil and criminal standards of proof.
8 April 2025
Leave granted to determine whether the regulator had authority under the repealed Securities Act to authorise mergers and charge fees.
  • Securities law — Authority to authorise mergers and takeovers under repealed Securities Act Cap. 354 — Lawfulness of charging authorisation fees — Point of law of public importance (s.13 Court of Appeal Act) — Effect of statutory repeal on justiciability.
3 April 2025
March 2025
Whether Article 28(1) confines Part III enforcement to petition proceedings or permits alternative procedural routes; leave to appeal granted.
  • Constitutional law — Article 28(1) — mode of commencement of Part III claims — petition v writ; leave to appeal — point of law of public importance; access to justice; jurisdiction — procedural bars and Order 14A preliminary issues.
28 March 2025
Application for leave refused: factual disputes made summary determination improper and no real prospects of success for appeal.
  • Intestate Succession Act s19(2) — sale of estate property; beneficiaries’ power to sell; Order 14A summary determination — suitability where facts are contentious; leave to appeal — reasonable prospects and compelling reasons; mesne profits; stay of execution
11 March 2025
February 2025
A High Court can enforce a registered arbitral award but cannot pierce the corporate veil to create third‑party liability.
  • Arbitration Act — effect of arbitral award (finality and parties bound) — registration and enforcement in High Court; Court’s complementary/supportive role (Section 14(4), Section 17) vs limited supervisory powers; Enforcement mechanisms — writs of fieri facias, garnishee, charging orders, receiver, committal, sequestration (Order 45 White Book); Piercing the corporate veil — substantive remedy and standalone action, not an execution mechanism; Procedural requirements for veil piercing; Improper use of interlocutory summons to enforce award.
21 February 2025
Whether "salary" includes allowances for computing retirement benefits and whether interpretation can reopen settled awards.
  • Employment law — retirement benefits — construction of "salary" — whether allowances form part of salary for gratuity — interpretation versus review of judgments — effect of appellate reversal on assessment of awards.
12 February 2025
January 2025
Murder conviction quashed: prior inconsistent statement inadmissible, res gestae not established, causation unproven.
  • Criminal law — Murder — Admissibility of hostile witness's prior inconsistent statement — res gestae and hearsay — suspect witnesses and corroboration — causation between assault and death — burden of proof beyond reasonable doubt.
16 January 2025
Leave granted to appeal because reasonable doubt exists whether lender consent and corporate formalities validated the liability transfer.
  • Company and contract law — transfer of liability under loan agreement requiring lender's written consent — validity of shareholder resolutions and corporate authority — potential conflict of roles of director representing multiple corporate interests — leave to appeal granted.
15 January 2025
Whether Legal Practitioners' Practice Rules prohibit simultaneous private practice and full‑time in‑house employment.
  • Legal Practitioners' Practice Rules (Rules 24(2) & 27) — in-house counsel v private practice — whether simultaneous private practice and full-time/part-time in‑house employment is prohibited; procedural fairness — appellate court resolving factual contractual issues without retrial; leave to appeal under s.13(3) Court of Appeal Act.
15 January 2025
Whether the corporate veil can be lifted by joinder after judgment and the appropriate procedure and proof required.
  • Company law — Lifting the corporate veil — Whether veil may be lifted by joinder post-judgment — Procedure and burden of proof — Asset hiving to defeat execution — Leave to appeal and stay of execution.
15 January 2025
Local Court lacked jurisdiction; conveyancing void; transaction was a loan, appellant liable for ZMW300,000 plus interest.
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10 January 2025