High Court of Zambia - 2014 July

42 judgments

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42 judgments
Citation
Judgment date
July 2014
31 July 2014
Whether a tenancy created to recover a debt constitutes business premises under the Landlord and Tenant Act.
Landlord and Tenant (Business Premises) Act – applicability – whether tenancy created to secure debt is an agricultural holding excluded from the Act; Mode of commencement – Originating Notice v writ; Order 14A – dismissal on point of law; Effect of Section 5 notice to terminate.
31 July 2014
Registered Certificate of Title is conclusive; respondent unlawfully occupied land, applicant entitled to possession, no mesne profits.
Land law – Registered Certificate of Title under s.33 Lands and Deeds Registry Act conclusive evidence of ownership; effect of certificate of re-entry and its cancellation; fixtures – quicquid plantatur solo solo cedit; absence of lease – mesne profits/rent arrears unavailable; invalid warrant of distress; procedural issue of company resolution not pleaded.
31 July 2014
Leave to appeal granted to remedy a clerical omission; no stay of execution pending the appeal.
Civil procedure – Leave to appeal – Omission in judgment deemed a clerical slip – Right to appeal as matter of due process – Stay of execution refused.
31 July 2014
Application for payment into court refused because contractual mediation clause and joinder make mediation appropriate first.
Civil procedure — payment into court — interlocutory relief — contractual dispute-resolution clause — mediation then arbitration — joinder of third parties — costs in the cause.
31 July 2014
31 July 2014
Leave for judicial review denied because the applicant had a statutory appeal to the Minister despite respondent exercising public functions.
Judicial review — leave to apply — gatekeeping function — availability of alternative remedy (statutory appeal to Minister) — public body/public functions — procedural irregularity in commencement (Order 53) — proxy voting dispute at AGM.
31 July 2014
31 July 2014
Plaintiff's claims for libel, trespass and business loss dismissed for failure to prove claims and defective pleadings.
Civil procedure — Pleadings — Irregular statement of claim must comply with Order 18; Defamation — requirement of publication to third parties; Evidence — proof required for trespass and loss of business (tenancy, trading records); Default trial — proceedings in defendant's absence under Order 35 Rule 3; Burden of proof — balance of probabilities.
30 July 2014
Interlocutory injunction granted to prevent blocking access across government land; irreparable harm presumed in land access disputes.
Civil procedure – interlocutory injunction – access to government land – serious question to be tried – presumption of irreparable harm in land disputes – easement/title not determinative at interlocutory stage – strike-out application dismissed.
30 July 2014
Interlocutory applications enforcing Part III constitutional rights must be commenced by petition, not by summons; leave to petition granted.
Constitutional procedure — enforcement of Part III rights (Articles 11–26) must be by petition under Article 28(1) and Rule 2 of Protection Rules; interlocutory summons insufficient; presidential immunity (Article 43) may raise substantive issues but cannot be addressed by bypassing petition procedure; inherent jurisdiction (Order 3 r.2 HCR) cannot be used to override mandatory procedural requirements; leave granted to file petition; costs each party to bear.
30 July 2014
Court granted decree nisi for irretrievable breakdown; custody and property claims reserved; each party to bear own costs.
Matrimonial Causes Act – divorce – irretrievable breakdown – unreasonable behaviour – uncontested cross-petition and failure to cross-examine – custody and property reserved – each party to bear own costs.
30 July 2014
Registered owner entitled to possession; unauthorised occupiers’ structures to be demolished without compensation.
Land law – Possession – Originating summons under Order 113 Rule 2 – Registered owner’s entitlement to possession – Unauthorised occupation (squatters) – Demolition of structures without compensation – Proceedings in absence of occupiers.
30 July 2014
Court allowed judgment debtor to pay by installments but limited repayment to six months; execution permitted on default.
Civil procedure – payment of judgment in installments – exercise of judicial discretion – judgment entered in default – execution on default without further court order.
24 July 2014
Summary judgment for bank debt and power to foreclose; guarantor’s account‑restriction excuse did not defeat liability.
Civil procedure — summary judgment (Order 30 r 14); mortgage enforcement; guarantor liability; foreclosure and sale; exclusion of unspecified bank charges; interest at Bank of Zambia lending rate.
24 July 2014
Whether allegations of fraud in acquisition of title by defendants (possibly with unregistered equitable interests) must be tried and proved on balance of probabilities.
Civil procedure — Review under Order 39 — Interpretation of Section 34 Lands and Registry Act — Fraud in acquisition of title — Pleading and proof of fraud — Equitable (unregistered) interests — Trial ordered to determine factual disputes — Leave to appeal granted.
24 July 2014
Default judgment granted where defendant was served, failed to defend or appear; interest and costs awarded.
Civil procedure – Default judgment – Order 53 Rule 6 High Court Amendment Rules 2012 – Affidavit of service and defendant’s acknowledgment – Failure to file defence – Interest at Bank of Zambia lending rate – Costs follow cause.
24 July 2014
Application to strike out registration authority refused because factual issues on domicile, share transfer and tax clearance require clarification.
Civil procedure — Misjoinder — Order 14 Rule 5(2) — Whether pleadings disclose cause of action against registration authority — Company law — Change of domicile/name v. transfer of shares — Tax law — Property Transfer Tax and requirement for tax clearance.
24 July 2014
Accused convicted of aggravated robbery based on victim identification and recent possession of stolen phone.
Criminal law - Aggravated robbery - Elements: theft with violence and offensive weapons - Identification based on clothing in poor lighting - Doctrine of recent possession as corroboration of guilt.
24 July 2014
24 July 2014
Court removed the Attorney-General for misjoinder in a challenge to a NAPSA regulation, finding no disclosed cause of action against the AG.
Civil procedure – Misjoinder – Order 15 Rule 2 – Joinder of Attorney-General – Challenge to statutory instrument – NAPSA an autonomous body capable of being sued in its own name – Cause of action must be disclosed.
24 July 2014
Appeal allowed: appellant not liable where no pre‑contract representation, no privity, and no vicarious liability.
Contract law – representation and estoppel – privity of contract – whether a non‑party can be bound by representations made after contract formation – vicarious liability absent master–servant relationship.
23 July 2014
Stay of execution refused where appellant's prospects of success on appeal were unreal and insufficient.
Stay of execution – requirement of sufficient and convincing grounds – court may preview prospects of appeal – appeal must have real prospects, not mere hope – taxation of costs not automatically stayed pending appeal.
23 July 2014
Division of matrimonial property, company shares valuation, and characterization of assets on divorce.
Divorce — property settlement — matrimonial home subdivision and exclusive occupation — characterization of assets (Northmead house) — family company shares valuation and buy-out — disposal of assets during marriage — requirement of evidence for findings (foreign property purchase).
23 July 2014
Intestate succession applies; surviving spouse not sole heir, administrator's letters are conclusive, respondent must surrender property and pay K147,850.
Intestate succession — validity of purported verbal will — letters of administration conclusive — rights of surviving customary spouse vs. near relatives under Intestate Succession Act — delivery of estate property and payment of debts — grounds for revocation of letters of administration.
23 July 2014
Subdivision was not created; contract did not transfer title; plaintiff not entitled to specific performance; bona fide purchaser holds title.
Land law – contract of sale does not per se transfer title; subdivision and lawful creation of parcels; specific performance; equitable interest and payment; mortgagee in possession, foreclosure and sale; bona fide purchaser for value without notice; conclusive effect of certificate of title; caveat requirements; demolition by registered proprietor.
23 July 2014
Court dismissed review and stay applications for lack of new facts, held appeal was the proper remedy, but granted leave to appeal.
Civil procedure — Review of judgment — Review versus appeal; amendment of pleadings — refusal where matter will not proceed to trial; stay of execution — requirement to show likelihood of success; costs; leave to appeal granted.
22 July 2014
Court refused the applicant’s review of misjoinder ruling, holding allegations against the respondent require trial; leave to appeal granted.
Civil procedure – review application – misjoinder – affidavit in opposition – pleadings raising specific factual allegations – matters to be determined at trial on the balance of probabilities – leave to appeal granted.
22 July 2014
A fresh action on property already adjudicated by a subordinate court is res judicata and must proceed by appeal.
Res judicata; abuse of process/forum shopping; property dispute; injunction; requirement to appeal from subordinate court decisions.
21 July 2014
20 July 2014
Accused convicted of manslaughter for participating in and aiding an unlawful mob assault causing death.
Criminal law – manslaughter versus murder – joint enterprise/common intention – aiding and abetting – identification and corroboration of relatives’ evidence – reduction of charge under section 181 CPC.
17 July 2014
Whether wrongful dismissal damages should use the 1997 salary or be inflation-adjusted; special leave granted to seek review.
Civil procedure — wrongful dismissal — damages calculation — whether damages measured at time of breach or adjusted for inflation — interpretation of trial judge's award — remittal for review.
15 July 2014
Decree Nisi granted where parties lived apart over five years; maintenance and property issues adjourned.
Matrimonial Causes Act s.9(1)(e) – irretrievable breakdown – continuous separation of five years – Decree Nisi; custody agreed; maintenance and property settlement adjourned; costs each party; leave to appeal.
15 July 2014
A court dismissed the applicant’s attempt to strike out the respondent’s forgery allegations as premature in interlocutory proceedings.
Civil procedure – interlocutory applications – striking out scandalous, irrelevant or oppressive material – allegations of forgery premature at interlocutory stage – evidence to be led at trial of main action – costs in the cause.
15 July 2014
Marriage dissolved under s9(1)(e) for over five years' separation; maintenance and property issues reserved for further determination.
Family law — Matrimonial Causes Act 2007 s9(1)(e) — irretrievable breakdown — living apart for continuous five years — Decree Nisi to be made absolute unless cause shown — custody agreed — maintenance and property reserved.
14 July 2014
Interim injunction restrained the respondent from removing the child to protect the applicant's access and the child's best interests.
Interim injunctions — American Cyanamid test — custody and removal of child from jurisdiction — adequacy of damages — balance of convenience — preservation of status quo — wardship of child.
9 July 2014
9 July 2014
A plaintiff's attempt to enforce a previously satisfied judgment debt was an abuse of process; the writ was set aside and appeal allowed.
Civil procedure – Execution of judgment – Writ of fieri facias – Enforcement of out-of-pocket expenses – Whether debt already satisfied – Abuse of process – Setting aside writ – Costs – Leave to appeal.
9 July 2014
9 July 2014
A prima facie arguable case at the leave stage suffices; failure to exhibit a written decision alone did not warrant discharging ex parte leave.
Judicial review — leave stage — prima facie/arguable case required; setting aside ex parte leave — grounds include material non‑disclosure, lack of jurisdiction, alternative remedies, undue delay, failure to satisfy preconditions; sufficiency of evidence — written decision vs verbal notification.
3 July 2014
3 July 2014
Court appointed Deputy Registrar to execute assignment under s.14 after vendor refused to comply with specific performance order.
High Court Act s.14 – nomination to execute conveyance where judgment debtor refuses to execute – specific performance of sale – appointment of Deputy Registrar to execute assignment – purchaser to advance vendor fees recoverable as debt.
2 July 2014